SUNDAY 13 JULY 2025: THE FIFTEENTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME.

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The Good Samaritan, John Adam Houston, Royal Scottish Academy of Art & Architecture, Edinburgh, UK.

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[Jesus asked] Which of these three, in your opinion, was neighbor to the robbers’ victim?” He answered, “The one who treated him with mercy.” Jesus said to him, “Go and do likewise.”     Luke 10:36-37.

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Possibly the most famous parable in all the gospels, the Good Samaritan is an iconic example of Jesus’ teaching, clear, direct, and utterly convincing. To our ears, the message is totally clear and readily understood. Not so the first audience who heard it: very far from our understanding in fact. The biblical scholars call it the “Sitz im leben”, a German expression (as many early 20th century critical scholars of the Bible were German), meaning an attempt to set the passage in its original time and place. It seeks to recreate the understanding of a certain story or saying as it would have been heard and understood the first time it was proclaimed. And the part which would have stood out with greatest force on that original occasion would not have been ...they stripped and beat him and went off leaving him half-dead but would have been the word Samaritan. That would have been the part which brought those who first heard the story to full attention. It would have been an “Uh oh!” moment to them. They would probably have expected the Samaritan to finish the poor man off, give him a final kick and take what was left of his belongings! Instead, of course, the opposite was the result, the Samaritan going way beyond what might be expected, even to the extent of paying for the care of this wounded, despairing, unknown (and probably Jewish) man. So what was Jesus doing? The Samaritans were the people who lived in Samaria, the area of the Holy Land at that time just north of Jerusalem, and south of Galilee where Jesus grew up. They were Jewish too, but….

The parallel which occurs to me is the way Catholics and Protestants viewed each other when I was growing up in the 1940s. It was not pretty. All Protestants were going to hell if you were Catholic, and vice versa. This never sat well with me as my dear mother was Anglican, that is, Protestant (Episcopalian in the USA). There was no way she would end up in hell! But that perception was everywhere at that time. I even had to get permission from the priest in confession for permission to go to my cousin’s marriage in an Anglican church (the answer was yes, but I bet it was grudging). Well, transfer that way of thinking to 2000 years ago and to the Jews and Samaritans. They basically hated each other. The Samaritans even had their own holy hill (compare that to Mount Zion in Jerusalem), and their own temple on it. There was a whole history of distrust and conflict which has no place here, but, if you wish, you can find it here. They even played pretty horrible tricks on each other, just like scams do on us today. (There is still a small Samaritan community in the Holy Land). So when Jesus had the Samaritan discovering the man beaten up and left to die, completely ignored, rejected, by the much worthier priest and Levite (who would have been a servant in the Temple in Jerusalem, the holiest place on earth for the Jews), they expected even worse from the Samaritan. But no, they did not get that. And note at the end of the story when Jesus asks who was neighbor to the man – what would you say automatically? Now look at what the scholar of the law, the one whose question sparked the parable, said in answer to that question. Look at my caption above. Who was neighbor to the man….? Did you answer that way? The man could not even bring himself to say the word “Samaritan”!

There are other telling things about this parable. The traveler was on his way from Jerusalem to Jericho. Now did you know this: many scholars believe Jericho is one of, possibly the, oldest human settlements in the world, over 9000 years old! So it could be said that it represents mankind in its source and longevity. Then there is Jerusalem, now sacred to the three great monotheistic religions in the world. So if one would ask which is the holiest city in the world, it could possibly be Jerusalem, the city of God! Additionally, Jericho is about 800 feet below sea level, whereas Jerusalem is about 2500 feet above sea level. In other words, metaphorically, the traveler was going in the wrong direction! And it is a bleak landscape there. I took this picture near Jericho in 2018:

Excavations in Jericho, Palestine Authority, 2018.

And consequently it is an uphill trek to get to the City of God, but much easier to get to the city of (fallen) humanity. So this simple story is multifaceted, with each angle having its own story to tell. But ultimately, it is the Lord who is the Samaritan, and each one of us fallen and barely able to ask for help. Yet we need it so badly. But today at least we Christians of whatever tradition enjoy a much more healthy relationship with each other. We acknowledge that we all believe in fundamental truths, that Jesus is the Lord of all, who is always ready to help us when we ask for it. That love is the power of God, into which we are all invited. So, based on that, we can transform ourselves into that Good Samaritan, able to help whoever needs help. For our help comes from the ultimate Good Samaritan, always there and always ready. As we should also be. But that is no easy matter. The example set in this parable calls us to help on many levels, including financial, and are we ready to do that? For many of us today, that would be the acid test – the money in our pocket. But, of course, our Samaritan went way beyond that level of generosity. When Jesus was asked to deny his identity as God’s Son, and his title, Messiah – the Anointed of God – he declared this was who he truly was, and  as a result was martyred for our benefit – so that we would believe in his mission and example! He died defending this so that we would believe in him. Our Samaritan loved us so much that he was not prepared to save himself by denying who and what he was, and what his vocation was, instead offering to save each and every one of us. So we have the ultimate example here of what each of us is called to be. Not to ignore the suffering around us, but to do what we can to minimize it. That would be a great step for us to become the Good Samaritan! And one final exercise: If you have a pet irrational dislike of some nationality or race or skin color or indeed anything which another person has been born with and has no control over, substitute that for the Samaritan and give yourself an “Uh oh” moment to make this parable come really alive!

The Good Samaritan: A Children’s Catechism, Fr. Michael Shanbour, Ancient Faith Store.

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SUNDAY 6 JULY 2025: THE FOURTEENTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME.

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Rejoice with Jerusalem and be glad because of her, all you who love her; exult, exult with her, all you who were mourning over her! Oh, that you may suck fully of the milk of her comfort, that you may nurse with delight at her abundant breasts!    Isaiah 60:10-11.

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The quotation above is possibly one of the earthiest passages in all Scripture! On another level, I haven’t put a second picture above today, because my lead picture “Virgin and Child Enthroned”, I think tells it all. I have found over the years that it is very difficult to find a Virgin and Child picture where both look happy! But wandering through the lovely National Museum in Gdansk (Dantzig), Poland, in March of this year, I saw that statue carved in wood and took a picture of it. Although dating from the 14th century, it looks very human and up to date. The child looks goofy (which seems perfectly natural to me) playing with a ball, in the lap of his happy mother, and both look like normal people, not dazzlingly beautiful, not agonized, not anticipating the worst, but simply content and normal. Quite clearly a happy couple. And I think that speaks to today’s readings. Isaiah seems to be talking about such a couple as shown here, and each of us can imagine ourselves as the happy child, being dangled and jiggled around in the same perfect union of the Christ Child and Our Lady, our protective mother also (and remember we are all called to be Christ to the world). Our Blessed Mother must have had moments like that! Then in the second reading Paul talks of “a new creation. Peace and mercy be to all who follow this rule and to the Israel of God”, again talking of a happy time, and then the gospel describes that “the seventy-two returned rejoicing, and said, “Lord, even the demons are subject to us because of your name”. Put them together and we are in a world of fulfillment and peace, which, of course, should always be the case.

“Every Child Needs to be Happy…..”, Cathy Yeulet, Psychology Today, June 2016.

All of which talks of a happy life, and how to achieve it. Hopefully we all began with a mother who was perfect, bringing us up with the expression we see on the Virgin’s and the children’s faces above. If not, then to the Virgin we go and request a loving, maternal and guiding hand, even if we are, like me, in our 80s. It’s never too late, though luckily for me I had a mother who was exceptional, despite extreme financial challenges after the war. Then the rejoicing of the 72 in today’s gospel should be reflected in our own life’s work, identifying, developing and utilizing the gifts God gave to each one of us in the service of others. I recall when I was still a Religious Studies teacher, each year I would ask my students in Junior year (it was a Catholic girls’ high school in Brooklyn, New York) to interview their parents and their parents’ friends about their life work. They had to ask if they were happy and fulfilled in that (most were) and then ask why. Overwhelmingly the answer was because, in one way or another, they said my job helps other people. It was hardly ever because “I make the best money there”. In fact, I vividly recall one student who had interviewed her uncle, the wealthiest member of the family; he worked on Wall Street. She asked “Are you happy in your work?” “No”, he said. “It takes all my energy to get up on a Monday morning and get into the city” She was astonished, didn’t have a clue. I had cautioned students to be very careful if you got a response like this. It would mean you are dealing with someone in pain. Be gentle. So when she managed to ask what the reason was, the answer was “I have wanted all my life to be a chef, but when this banking offer was made, everyone said I’d be an idiot if I didn’t take it. So I did.” Now, of course, for him, there was no question of turning back. A chef with a family makes very little in comparison to a Wall Street tycoon! Then came the agonizing last line in her essay: “I now know why, when we have a family cookout, my uncle is there, with his chef’s hat on, cooking and serving, the happiest I ever see him”. 

I did all this hoping to let them trust that God calls us to the happiest life, with full utilization of our gifts in some general field of activity. We should recognize that, accept it and respond with hope and trust, and try hard not to let money be our one and only guide.

And then there is Paul’s reading today, briefly talking about “a new creation”. In the context of these readings, I think we can say that this is a reference to the new life which awaits us at the final call. He says that if we have lived with the example of the Lord before us at all times, then when called from this life we can expect that the “new creation” will be really all we had hoped for. And so, let it be. 

“True Moment of Happiness”, iStock by Getty Images.

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SUNDAY 29 JUNE 2025: SOLEMNITY OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL, APOSTLES.

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The Liberation of Saint Peter, Raphael, Stanza di Eliodoro 2025, Vatican Museums, Vatican City State. 

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[The angel of the Lord]  tapped Peter on the side and awakened him, saying, “Get up quickly.” The chains fell from his wrists. The angel said to him, “Put on your belt and your sandals.” He did so. Then he said to him, “Put on your cloak and follow me.” So he followed him out……       Acts of the Apostle 22:7-8.

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Let us begin this special day with a reminder that Saints Peter and Paul are the patron saints of Rome, and as such have an extra-special significance to Catholics everywhere. Both are martyrs to the faith, both executed for being Christian. They were among the small sect of Christians whom Emperor Nero blamed for the great fire of Rome in AD64, although some historians are of the opinion that Emperor himself deliberately set fire to the city in order to create a giant palace for himself. By tradition, Peter considered himself unworthy of the death endured by Jesus, and was crucified head to the ground. Paul, on the other hand, was a Roman citizen and hence had the right to be executed by beheading rather than crucifixion. But both must have made a deep impression with the local company of Christians, at least those who survived the persecution, to be so remembered. St. Peter, by tradition, was buried close to where he was crucified, the Circus of Nero. This eventually became the site of St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican, and in 1968 it was claimed that the bones of the saint had been found immediately under the high altar of the basilica, three levels down, in an ancient pagan cemetery, the Vatican Necropolis. Similarly, it was claimed by Pope Benedict XVI in 2007 that the bones of St. Paul had been identified in the Basilica of St. Paul-Outside-the-Walls in Rome. I mention all this just to state, as far as it is historically possible, that Peter and Paul are linked to the city of Rome as strongly as it is possible to be. Both the Catholic and the Orthodox Churches place great importance on relics. They bring us closer to the heroes of our faith, and concentrate our thoughts and prayers in ways which are singularly powerful. 

Peter, of course, is claimed as the first pope, the apostle to whom Jesus gave the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven, the reason why they are today the principal charge on the Vatican’s coat-of-arms:

Coat-of-Arms of the Vatican City State.

Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven. And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”  Matthew 16:17-19.

Paul, on the other hand, started his association with the Christians as one out to destroy them. Christians had become troublesome to the Jewish authorities in Jerusalem, and Saul (his original name) was given the authority to destroy these trouble-makers. And this he did. Not only did he witness and approve of the death by stoning of the first Christian martyr, St. Stephen, Acts 7:54-8:2. but experienced one of the most dramatic conversions ever, thrown from his horse on the road to Damascus to inflict as severe a persecution on the Christians there as he had brought to the Christians in Jerusalem. 

The Conversion on the Way to Damascus, Caravaggio 1601, Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome, Italy.

Not surprisingly this altered Saul/Paul’s perception of the new faith, and he eventually became its greatest teacher and guide. In this dramatic encounter with the Lord, he heard the Lord’s voice asking “Saul, why do you persecute me?”. That stayed with him evermore, possibly giving him the idea that we are all the body of Christ, here and now. How else could he have been persecuting “me” when the Lord had been executed? And from this dramatic event, one of the greatest figures in the Church entered the ranks of the followers of The Way. On the other hand, Peter is remembered because he was the first pope, but one who had denied all knowledge of the Lord when it counted the most, as Jesus was being interrogated by the high priest. But Jesus had clearly forgiven him, asking him three times, “Do you love me?”. Paul, whose symbol is a sword (Peter, of course, always holds his keys to the Kingdom), is symbolic of the word being mightier than the sword. Perhaps his most beautiful passage is this, which he wrote to the Christians in Philippi:

Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus, who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

Saints Peter and Paul, Peruvian wood relief.

So today we commemorate the two most important figures in the early church without whom it would be difficult to imagine what the church would be like without them – if even there were a church! Peter was chosen personally by Jesus, commemorated in the gospel of 9th February 2025. Paul, on the other hand, was “converted”, if that is the correct word, by direct intervention from on high. I presume this was in response to the danger to the very early church that Saul/Paul represented. He regretted his determined attempt to destroy Christ’s following for the rest of his life, but by his work we know that he planted the seeds which took sturdy root, and we are here today to bear witness to that. Most of us have not undergone such a dramatic conversion moment as Paul did, but in God’s own way, each of us reads these words either to confirm our belief, or assist us in the search for meaning in this life, pointing the way to a life guided by light and faith, the service of others, and supported by a divine love – which is actually commemorated this very week, namely…….

 

FRIDAY 27 JUNE 2025: Solemnity of Most Sacred Heart of Jesus:

Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, Deviant Art.

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God proves his love for us in that while we were still sinners Christ died for us. Romans 5:8

Perhaps there is no greater devotion celebrating Jesus’ love for us humans than that of the Sacred Heart. Such a devotion has existed for centuries, inspired by that terrible moment on the cross when a soldier plunged a spear into the side of the Anointed of God, from which flowed blood and water. Our modern understanding of the ineffable love of God as shown in the Sacred Heart comes from the visions and revelations to St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, a member of the Order of the Visitation of Mary. Despite many trials and challenges, she eventually convinced her order and the many clerics who questioned her, that Jesus had, indeed, appeared to her to promote this special devotion of his love of us. Indeed the first Mass I celebrated was devoted to the Sacred Heart. This is a love which never fails, one which is everlasting, despite the indifference or even hostility thrown at it. It remains constant in hope and faith, welcoming us when we at last we see the light and respond in appropriate ways which echo its divine source. It is love we can trust never to reject us, always to forgive us and hoping to nurture us into an eternity of happiness. One of the two founders  of the order, St. Francis de Sales said: “What is the special spirit of the Visitation? I have always judged it to be a spirit of deep humility before God and of great gentleness towards our neighbor.” And that echoes the love as demonstrated by Jesus’ Sacred Heart, now and always.

The Sacred Heart of Jesus, Punta Gorda Catholic Church, Florida, USA.

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SUNDAY 22 JUNE 2025: The Solemnity of the Most Holy Body and Blood of Christ: CORPUS CHRISTI.

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Blessed Sacrament Procession, Lourdes, France, 2013.

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I received from the Lord what I also handed on to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night he was handed over, took bread, and, after he had given thanks, broke it and said, “This is my body that is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” In the same way also the cup, after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”          1 Corinthians 23-25.

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Central to the Catholic understanding of the sacred is the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. For any priest, his greatest privilege is to celebrate the Mass. For any bishop the greatest privilege is to celebrate the Mass. For any pope, the greatest privilege is to celebrate the Mass. The priest is simply following Christ’s command, or mandate, “Do this in memory of me”. Catholics become that rarest of creatures, a fundamentalist, when it comes to the words of institution, “this is my body; this is my blood”. Catholics accept those words as literally true; the simple bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Jesus the Christ (the Anointed) of God. That is why the consecrated bread and wine are treated with the utmost respect, why they are venerated, why they are kneeled to, and so on. Baptists, Pentecostals and other non-denominational churches do not accept this understanding. For them the bread and wine are symbolic of Christ, not Christ himself in those traditions. Yes, symbols can be very powerful: look at national flags, for example. They are powerful enough for people to die for them! But are they that which they represent? Is the flag of the United states actually the United States? Clearly no. But is the consecrated Body and Blood of Christ really the Body and Blood of Christ? Yes, answer Catholics and Orthodox. That is the manner in which Jesus promised to be with us until the end of time! So Catholics are fundamentalist concerning this most important commemoration of Jesus, and the so-called fundamentalists are not! And all this when Scripture clearly states that Jesus said, “This is my body”, and “This is my blood”, and for us to “Do this in memory of me”. And today is the great feast commemorating that Last Supper event when Jesus becomes present to us even today, as he promised. And the picture above shows a priest carrying the consecrated bread in a monstrance past the many sick people at Lourdes, which typically is the time, rare but not unknown, when a curing miracle might well happen. (The monstrance is a special vessel built just to house the consecrated bread; the much more common word “demonstrate” comes from the same root, to show or make known). And if you would like to know about the latest miracle claimed as such in Lourdes, look here, or if you prefer, take a look at my favorite miracle from Lourdes, dating from the 1920s, but only just now, 100 years later, declared to be such. It concerned John Traynor, a Catholic from Liverpool. He had been so grievously wounded in the First World War that he was granted a 100% pension by the government (a very rare privilege) as, in the  opinion of his doctors, he was incurable. But he was an honest man and declared that he had indeed been cured while in Lourdes. The government disbelieved him, as no-one had ever recovered from such wounds; he received his pension right up to his death in 1943!

So today’s feast celebrates the most intimate union of each one of us and God. We actually take the Lord into ourselves with the full intention of being as far as we can, Christ to the world. In all we do, in all we speak and in all we think, we are Christ to the world. It is what we are called to and it is the Lord’s expectation of each of us. With his help, each one of us can do this, for we are not alone: the Lord stands with us.

Gothic French Monstrance, Abbott Church Supplies.

There is a prayer called “St. Patrick’s Breastplate” which in a way reflects today’s feast. It makes it real as we respond to the presence within us of Christ’s goodness and strength. It reflects our openness to God, and the strength we get, each of us, from that conviction. Here is a beautiful visual/audio version, or, if you prefer, the prayer itself below. It sings to our trust, our hope and our deepest belief in God, the blessed consequence of today’s celebration:

I bind unto my­self to­day
The strong name of the Tri­ni­ty,
By in­vo­ca­tion of the same
The Three in One and One in Three.

I bind this, today, to me for­ev­er
By pow­er of faith, Christ’s in­car­na­tion;
His bap­tism in Jor­dan riv­er,
His death on cross for my sal­va­tion;
His burst­ing from the spic­èd tomb,
His riding up the heav­en­ly way,
His com­ing at the day of doom
I bind un­to my­self to­day.

I bind un­to myself the pow­er
Of the great love of cher­ub­im;
The sweet “Well Done” in judg­ment hour,
The serv­ice of the se­ra­phim,
Confessors’ faith, apos­tles’ word,
The pa­tri­archs’ pray­ers, the pro­phets’ scrolls,
All good deeds done un­to the Lord
And pu­ri­ty of virg­in souls.

I bind un­to my­self to­day
The vir­tues of the star-lit heav­en,
The glo­ri­ous sun’s life-giv­ing ray,
The white­ness of the moon at ev­en,
The flash­ing of the lightn­ing free,
The whir­ling wind’s tem­pes­tu­ous shocks,
The sta­ble earth, the deep salt sea
Around the old eter­nal rocks.

Christ be with me, Christ with­in me,
Christ be­hind me, Christ be­fore me,
Christ be­side me, Christ to win me,
Christ to com­fort and re­store me.
Christ be­neath me, Christ above me,
Christ in qui­et, Christ in dan­ger,
Christ in hearts of all that love me,
Christ in mouth of friend and strang­er.

I bind un­to my­self the name,
The strong name of the Tri­ni­ty,
By in­vo­ca­tion of the same,
The Three in One and One in Three.
By whom all na­ture hath cre­ation,
Eternal Fa­ther, Spir­it, Word:
Praise to the Lord of my sal­va­tion,
Salvation is of Christ the Lord. 

Corpus Christi Procession, Nigeria 2015, Oluchi’s World.

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Reflections on next Sunday’s Mass Readings will be posted on Tuesday, in respect for the Solemnity of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus on Friday.

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SUNDAY 15 JUNE 2025: THE SOLEMNITY OF THE MOST HOLY TRINITY.

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The Holy Trinity, Pierre Mignard c.1663, Church of the Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France.

[The Holy Spirit] will glorify me, because he will take from what is mine and declare it to you. Everything that the Father has is mine; for this reason I told you that he will take from what is mine and declare it to you.”     John 16:14-15.

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At the very deepest level of the beating Christian heart is its most profound mystery, the Holy Trinity of God. Christianity is a monotheistic faith, meaning a belief in one God, yet at its heart there are three persons, Father, Son and Holy Spirit – yet one God. Artificial Intelligence assures us that “thousands” of books have been written about this profoundest Christian mystery, theological, devotional, historical and academic. So it is, in a word, inexplicable. It rests on faith alone. If Jesus said it, it’s true. And he did. And buried right at the center of this mystery is its power: love. Now note that carefully; love requires, demands even, at least one other. Unrequited love is agonizing. It certainly isn’t love as it is understood. But when it is returned, the drab world is filled with color, you feel as though you are walking on air, there is one other person who means everything to you. The other person completes your life. It is perfection. For many it is God, the unfathomable depth of love present for all eternity, always present and always constant. And for many it is the person in this life with whom you want to spend the rest of your life. This love is life-enhancing, making everything in it tolerable and meaningful. It is the power which created everything, sustains it and gives it hope. It is the only reasonable explanation of how everything came to be, as love opens us up to the world and everything in it. If something is not perfect, love urges us to transform it into something acceptable and good. And only togetherness can do that. Hence the Holy Trinity must be at the heart of all that is good and beautiful. Yes, one God, so united that the three persons had to share their love with others – with us. They provide the template of perfection against which we can measure everything. And if lacking, it is to the Trinity that we can call and receive guidance and help. True love freely gives, asking nothing in return. 

It was through the centuries that God slowly revealed this profoundest mystery of the Christian faith. The Father intervened in human history with the call of Abram/Abraham. Through the centuries we humans slowly understood that this God was open to relationship, beginning with the revelation of the God’s holy name, Yahweh, I Am Who Am to Moses (Exodus 3:14). The arrival of Jesus in our midst exemplified all the qualities revealed as divine through the pages of the Old Testament. Taking the ideal of relationship, for example, to a numinous level, Jesus at the Last Supper declared basic human food, bread, to be his body, and we were to take and eat it. This was relationship at its ultimate: we take the Lord into ourselves! Complete union! The Holy Spirit is the power which has enabled everyone since that time to participate in the Lord’s Supper, beginning with the miracle of Pentecost, celebrated last week, down to today. And at each Mass, God’s Holy Spirit is called to descend on the gifts of bread and wine so that they become the body and blood of the Lord himself. It is the ultimate sharing, the love of God coming to us, transforming the simple realities of bread and wine into the real presence of God. God gives his very self to us! 

Now at this point I ask you to look at the notes from last week, the feast of Pentecost, which refer to the gender of the words which refer to the Holy Spirit. All of them are feminine in the language of Jesus, Aramaic (as well as in Hebrew). Whenever the Holy Spirit of God is invoked in the Hebrew Testament, she is always referred to as she! Now I say this to make a point. We, each and every one of us, were conceived in the womb of our mother. Most of us grew up amid a welcoming and loving family which nurtured us and created the foundations on which we stand for life. I know this does not apply to everyone, but I think my point still holds. The Holy Trinity without the feminine principle present seems hollow to me. Our whole experience of life requires a feminine presence. We all of us exhibit male and female traits. Consequently the question arises, where did they all come from? If the Holy Spirit is constantly referred to as “he” there is an awning empty space somewhere. Look at today’s gospel and compare it to this:

But when she comes, the Spirit of truth,
she will guide you to all truth.
She will not speak on her own,
but she will speak what she hears,
and will declare to you the things that are coming.

She will glorify me,
because she will take from what is mine and declare it to you.

And when Jesus spoke these words, he used the Aramaic word for Spirit (also meaning breath and wind), רוּחַ pronounced “roo-akh” which is feminine in gender, so Jesus’ words would have sounded like the revised gospel above! And if you add that feminine presence or reality to the Holy Trinity, surely it must reflect our experience much more realistically. The Father and the Spirit forever creating the Son, the incandescent eternal presence of creative, sustaining love. And that is the reality we are celebrating today! And one final word: in Hebrew the word for truth, אֱמֶת, emet, is feminine, and is composed of the first, middle and last letter of the Hebrew alphabet; but in Aramaic, it is שְׁרָרָא, sherara, meaning tightly bound, and is masculine. But it also means umbilical cord… 

The Holy Trinity, Most Holy Trinity Catholic Church, Covington, Louisiana, USA.

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SUNDAY 8 JUNE 2025: SOLEMNITY OF PENTECOST: THE DESCENT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT; THE BIRTHDAY OF THE CHURCH.

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Pentecost, El Greco c. 1600, Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain.

When the time for Pentecost was fulfilled, they were all in one place together. And suddenly there came from the sky a noise like a strong driving wind, and it filled the entire house in which they were. Then there appeared to them tongues as of fire, which parted and came to rest on each one of them.            Acts of the Apostles 2:1-3.

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First, you could make a case for this event to be the most important happening ever in the church’s history, save for the Resurrection itself. Why? Because without it there would be no church, no Christianity, no saving message of Christ to each of us today. Remember John’s gospel states twice that the entire small Christian community trembled behind locked doors “for fear of the Jews”. But this was the Jewish Feast of Pentecost, 50 days after Passover, the reason why Jerusalem was packed with Jewish pilgrims (Pentecost is the Greek word for 50th  πεντηκοστός – pentēkostós). Today it has a Hebrew name, Shevuot, to distinguish it from the now better-known Christian Pentecost. For the Jewish people, it was at that time one of the three pilgrimage feasts, when those who could, would travel to Jerusalem and worship in the Temple. (The others were Passover and Sukkot). Originally Shevuot was the Feast of the First Fruits of the Harvest, a sample of which you would bring and offer there. Later it became the Feast of the Law, because by tradition, the Hebrew people arrived at Mount Sinai 50 days after leaving slavery in Egypt, and where God gave Moses the 10 Commandments. But whatever it was, Jerusalem was packed with devout Jewish pilgrims intent on giving thanks to God at the holiest place on earth, the Temple (which was completely destroyed by the Romans in 70AD), but not before the first fruits of the Descent of the Spirit had shown themselves! 

But before that, the earliest Christians trembled in their upper room, fearful they too would suffer the same fate as the Lord, especially with the city packed with devout Jews. Then it happened, as reported in the Acts of the Apostles stated above. These cowering mice suddenly became fearless lions, rushing out into the streets proclaiming the Good News to anyone who would listen! Now, in the absence of the Lord, but with the promised strength of God’s Holy Spirit, the Christian message was, for the first time, proclaimed in the streets of the Holy City itself without any fear of the consequences. Hence it was indeed the truly miraculous Birthday of the Church! What else but a miracle could explain this sudden, permanent and inexplicable change in outlook? Those, by the way, are the hallmarks of a true miracle to this day! It was the inaugurating moment of the Age of the Holy Spirit of God, in which we all live at this moment. The red vestments at Mass today reflect the mystic fire of the Holy Spirit descending on the heads of those first true Christians, now fearless, and intent on spreading the Good News. And spread it has, to the estimated 2.4 billion believers today, the world’s largest religion, of whom 1.3 billion are Catholic. And note also, that the disciples miraculously spoke in many tongues to the pilgrims from throughout the Roman Empire. Theologians say that this cancelled out, at long last, the curse of confused tongues at the building of the Tower of Babel, built by humans to ensure that if God ever sent another flood, they would overcome it.

God’s Holy Spirit appeared on that wonderful day “as of fire”. You will recall that at the Baptism of Jesus, God’s Holy Spirit came upon him “like a dove”. I cannot resist repeating the following, which appears in almost all my messages concerning God’s Holy Spirit. The words dove, יוֹנָה yonah, wind, spirit, breath (in Hebrew the same word) רוּחַ ruach, and wisdom, חָכְמָה, chokmah are, each and every one, feminine in gender in Hebrew and Aramaic. Each one of those words, whenever they appear in Scripture, reflect God’s power. The “dove” anointed Jesus as the Messiah (the “Anointed One”), giving him the power of God. When God “breathed” into the handful of mud in Genesis 2:7, Adam was created. The feminine “wind” allowed the Hebrews to escape from the Egyptians at the Red Sea and gave courage to the timorous Christians in the Upper Room, and they received a double dose of spiritual power as they also had fire,  אֵשׂ esh, also feminine in gender, descending on them, changing them into fearless Christian missionaries. Unhappily for us, all our Christian writings are in Greek, and in Greek the word for Spirit is neuter: πνευμα, pneuma. Now technically that means we have to refer to the Holy Spirit as “it”, which is completely unacceptable. So when the Greek Scriptures were translated into Latin, where the word for Spirit is Spiritus, the -us ending makes it a masculine noun, and so the Holy Spirit has been referred to as “he” evermore. But in Hebrew and Aramaic, the language of Jesus himself, the correct pronoun is “she”. Look at this short passage from the Book of Proverbs: Wisdom shouts in the street, she lifts her voice in the square (Proverbs 1:20). Now this is not to say that wisdom was a woman once sitting in judgment at some place and time in the Old Testament. But it does apply a quality to this word and all the others just mentioned. And above all, you could make a case that God’s Holy Spirit has as much claim to “she” as does the Father and Jesus himself to “he”. Put it this way, Jesus would be just as surprised, shocked even, to hear of God’s Spirit referred to as “he” as we would be to hear the Holy Spirit addressed as “she”. Note that in most European languages words have meaningless genders: in French a table and a chair are feminine but the carpet and sofa are masculine; meaningless. But in English that does not apply. Almost everything is “it” if not referring to people where it is definitely he or she. So gender means something in English, hence this argument. And so, as an interesting exercise, how would you alter the Creed, said each Sunday at Mass, to reflect this argument:

I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father and the Son,
who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,
who has spoken through the prophets.

So we celebrate the church’s birthday on this day which, I believe, is a Judeo-Christian feast which has more names than any other, at least six by my reckoning. It is the sine qua non of our faith. Amen. Alleluia!

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29 MAY 2025: in dioceses of boston, hartford, new york, omaha & philadelphia – SOLEMNITY of the ascension ***** 1 JUNE 2015: THE SEVENTH SUNDAY OF EASTER. (ELSEWHERE, THE SOLEMNITY OF THE ASCENSION)

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THE SEVENTH SUNDAY OF EASTER

The Martyrdom of St. Stephen, Annibale Carracci 1604, Musée du Louvre, Paris, France.

Stephen said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.” But they cried out in a loud voice, covered their ears, and rushed upon him together. They threw him out of the city, and began to stone him.      Acts of the Apostles, 7:55-57.

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St. Stephen is revered as the first person to die for love of God, Jesus the Son of God and the Holy Spirit of God. His words exalting Jesus the Christ as the Messiah were so offensive to those who heard them that they stoned him to death, even though that was forbidden in the Roman Empire unless ordered under Roman authority. It was the first taste of the persecution God’s People would undergo for the next 300 years from many different quarters. And note, Stephen was one of the first ordained deacons of the church. The word deacon means servant in Greek; he had been ordained to serve the people of God, and he demonstrated that by dying a martyr’s death, the first of many martyrs to enter God’s kingdom thus; he was God’s servant first. You may recall that his feast day is December 26. The contrast is presumably intended, the birth of an innocent baby on the 25th and the brutal death of a man refusing to betray all that the baby represented remembered on the very next day. And the power which gives life to the birth of Jesus, the strength which Stephen demonstrated in bearing witness to Jesus, and the second reading inviting “the one who thirsts come forward, and the one who wants it receive the gift of life-giving water” are all examples of the love God has for us, expressed in many ways. It is the power which gives us more strength than we know. And sometimes it is good to demonstrate that love in unexpected ways, the expression of which is left to each of us. God has given multiple examples; pick and choose!

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Solemnity of the Ascension of the Lord

The Ascension of the Lord, S. G. Rudl 1900, St. Wenceslas Church, Prague, Czech Republic.

Then [Jesus] led them out as far as Bethany, raised his hands, and blessed them. As he blessed them he parted from them and was taken up to heaven.     Luke 24:50-51.

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Notes from the first reading:

  1. Jesus’ disciples asked “Lord, are you at this time going to restore the kingdom to Israel?” In other words, they still expected the Messiah to be a conquering soldier! And Jesus said definitively, “It is not for you to know the times or seasons that the Father has established by his own authority…” Remember those words the next time someone announces that the world will end on a certain future date. It is NOT for us to know!
  2. Jesus quite clearly enjoined them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for “the promise of the Father about which you have heard me speak”. The two men on the road to Emmaus were clearly disobeying that instruction, until, of course, the Lord caught up with them and, as a result, they voluntarily returned to Jerusalem.

                       ****************************************************************

The Lord’s ascension into heaven effectively ended his bodily presence here on earth somewhat spectacularly. Death had no further power over him, and he was destined to be seated at the right hand of the Father. Consequently he had to depart this world. It was also to fulfill his promise to send the Holy Spirit to us and hence begin the era of the Holy Spirit which has lasted to the present day: “…it is better for you that I go away, because if I do not go, the Helper will not come to you. But if I do go away, then I will send him to you” Jesus said (John 16:7). In other words, it was necessary for the Lord to ascend to his Father in order to send the Holy Spirit to us, and inaugurate the time of the Spirit, in which we now all live. Remember that over the centuries before Jesus, God the Father slowly revealed the nature, the qualities, of God through the pages of the Old Testament. Then Jesus had to demonstrate totally and completely the identical qualities in his own life in order to be recognized as God’s Son. Finally, the Holy Spirit, sent by God, has been with us ever since, being the power through which we all strive to be good followers of Christ in the world, in fact to be Christ to the world as best we can. From the Ascension on, the saints have been the guiding men and women who have modeled themselves on Christ and shown us what it truly means to be Christ to the world. And we try our best to do exactly that. In fact, we have to exhibit the identical qualities of God in our lives.

For example, one of the first qualities revealed by God was power. Abraham was an old man, perhaps near 100, and his wife was perhaps a few years younger, yet God announced she would have a child. Sarah laughed at hearing this, and then argued with God! (Genesis 18: 10-15). She gave birth to Isaac. Anything is possible with God. Jesus had divine power, the supreme example of which was the raising of Lazarus from the dead. And each one of us has power too. Even a 6-year old has power! How? I ask altar servers sometimes, “Do you have the power to make your mother’s life today a total misery?” and then, “Do you have the power to make today one of the best days of your mother’s life?” The answer is clearly “Yes” to both questions. We all have power, but do we use it as Jesus would? Take a look at the lives of the saints; they used their God-given power to do great things, just as a 6-year old has. We know deep down what our powers can do in the way we conduct our lives. Another divine quality revealed through the Old Testament is that God is relational, unlike just about all the pagan gods of the time. Moses asked God for the divine name at the famous scene with the burning bush. God revealed the divine name, Yahweh, I AM WHO AM, at that moment creating a relationship between God and Moses, and through Moses to the entire Hebrew people. Jesus took this quality to the level of the infinite, when at the Last Supper he took some bread and said to his disciples “Take, eat, this is my body”. Each time we consume the consecrated host, we literally incorporate the Lord into our own body; the relationship is total. And so we, in our lives, must be open to others, welcoming to others, friendly to others, help others, just as the Lord did. It is a divine quality. God revealed other qualities through the pages of the Old Testament: God listens, God forgives, God loves freedom, God is loyal, God is merciful. Jesus displayed each one of these in his ministry, clearly and strongly. And so must we. 

For a few days there was, in a sense after the Ascension, a sort of absence of God before the arrival of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost Sunday, 50 days after Easter/Passover (hence pente, the Greek for 5). A provocative friend of mine often suggested that it was at that “vacant” time that the empty seat at the table, once occupied by Judas Iscariot, was filled by a man rather a woman! Now there’s a thought to be pondered! One wonders. But Jesus had completed his vocation, to be Christ to the world, which is also our vocation, based on the gifts, the talents, that God has given us. Each one of us is a child of God through baptism. All was set after the Ascension, then, for the arrival of God’s Holy Spirit, to give each of us the strength, the power, to be truly children of God.

The Ascension of the Lord, unknown provenance.

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SUNDAY 25 MAY 2025: THE SIXTH SUNDAY OF EASTER.

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The Eternal Father, Veronese (undated), Hospital Tavera, Toledo, Spain.

[Jesus said] “I have told you this while I am with you. The Advocate, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, will teach you everything and remind you of all that I told you. Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you.”       John 14:26-27.

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It cannot be by coincidence that the first major crisis in the brand new Christian community, described in today’s first reading, has been linked with today’s gospel. Word was spreading among the earliest Christian communities that pagan men who had expressed interest in following the Lord had to be circumcised to become Christian. Now all Jewish boys, following God’s orders as stated in Genesis 17:11-12, had been made to follow that command for hundreds of years. So it was not too surprising that such a thought had occurred to the new Christians (who had not yet had that name applied to them; before then we were “Followers of The Way”) especially the ones who had converted from Judaism, probably the majority. Today’s first reading describes that first controversy in the fledgling church. Not surprisingly, it threatened to tear the infant community to pieces unless it was addressed. So, what theologians now call the Council of Jerusalem, namely the “apostles and elders”, met together and decided that it was not necessary for men to submit to that Jewish tradition in order to follow “The Way”. And so it was proclaimed. As such it has never been a condition for boys to be circumcised in order to become Christian. And so it was the first time that Jesus’ prophetic words in today’s gospel were put to the test.

And it is even more interesting if you apply that ultimate requirement of the 16th century Reformation for changes in Church teaching, the “sola scriptura” test. This states simply that if you cannot prove your case from Scripture, then it fails. Both the Catholic and the Orthodox churches reject this teaching. Indeed, this Council of Jerusalem event today supports this rejection. The early Christians were forced to decide what needed to be done for a man to become Christian. For generations the Hebrew people had circumcised all boys, following the clear command recorded in Genesis. Now the Christians had changed that rule. But Scripture clearly proclaimed that this was an absolute requirement if you took the Christian community to be Jewish; after all, it proclaimed Jesus to be the long-awaited Jewish Messiah! However, the apostles and elders said it was not, and so, no circumcision. Looking at today’s gospel, Jesus had clearly stated that his followers would be guided by God’s Holy Spirit if and when this became necessary. Today’s first reading demonstrates the reality of Jesus’ promise, and the apostles and elders stated without hesitation that “It is the decision of the Holy Spirit and of us” not to require circumcision for men wanting to become Christian. Such a conviction has been present in the church ever since that time. In fact, the 1871 First Vatican Council proclaimed the logical extension of this belief that when the pope speaks “ex cathedra” his proclamation is infallible, meaning it must be accepted by Catholics as true  and without fault. Apart from that papal infallibility statement, only two further teachings have been declared to be infallible. One was at that Council, with the proclamation that the Virgin Mary was conceived without sin, the Immaculate Conception. The only other time was in 1950 when Pope Pius XII declared the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary body and soul into heaven to be a doctrine of faith, to be accepted as true by all Catholics. Both those teachings had been present in the church from very early times. And so, even though they are not in Scripture, they are articles of faith to be accepted by all Catholics. No other teaching has been declared ex cathedra since 1950.

The First Vatican Council 1870, image located in the Library of Congress.

The Proclamation of the Doctrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary by Pope Pius XII, 1950.

Today’s readings are therefore really an object lesson in the ability of the church to handle questions of faith whenever they arise. Although teachings ex cathedra are extremely rare, the church does have the ability to discern between levels of acceptable belief. For example, the church accepts that St. Bernadette was especially privileged to receive visions and messages from the Blessed Virgin Mary, but it does not require any of us to accept such as essential to our faith: we can accept or reject Bernadette’s experience as we wish; the church simply states it is “worthy of belief”. But, in contrast, the church does, for example, expect us to accept the Real Presence of Christ at Mass in exactly the same way Jesus expected such from his followers at the Last Supper. “This is my body” he said, and he meant it, ordering us for ever to “do this in memory of me”. And what will be our reward, if you like, for accepting God’s word and living God’s Way? Take a look at the second reading today describing our ultimate destination, our home: “The city had no need of sun or moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gave it light, and its lamp was the Lamb”. Amen.

The Sacrifice of the Mass, unknown attribution. 

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SUNDAY 18 MAY 2025: THE FIFTH SUNDAY OF EASTER.

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The New Jerusalem, The Apocalypse Tapestry c.1373, Château d’Angers, Angers, France.

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Then I, John, saw a new heaven and a new earth. The former heaven and the former earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. I also saw the holy city, a new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.            Revelation 21:1-2.

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Today’s gospel may well be one of the most challenging to understand, accept and live by: “Now is the Son of Man glorified, and God is glorified in him. If God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and God will glorify him at once.” So we must rely on scripture scholars to help us. Jesus is talking of his “glorification”, which is to say his death and resurrection. It is noteworthy that Judas had just left the table in order to betray his Lord before Jesus said this. Those who remained lived out their whole lives spreading the words of life and love, all to be martyred (with the exception of John). Jesus’ utter determination to stand by his teachings and his identity as Son of God meant that he would glorify himself by upholding this teaching to the bitter end, death on the cross. His resurrection glorified God his Father as this action conquered even death. It is a unity of action which glorified God totally. And then there is the source of all this strength, even conquering death: “I give you a new commandment: love one another”. There is the heart of all Jesus’ belief, strength and power. Death cannot conquer love. It has met its match. There is the glory of which Jesus speaks. There is the overarching strength of Jesus’ conviction, love conquers all. The other two readings are the practical result. Paul and Barnabas encounter fearsome odds trying to convince others of the truth of Jesus’ teaching and example. Yes there is rejection and ridicule, but the goal is worth all the suffering. The result with be a new, glorious and shining example of the perfect city of love and life, the New Jerusalem. All the suffering, frustration and pain will be gone. 

Given all that, I think the quotation in the paragraph above is an attempt to describe, even analyze, love. The complete bond between Jesus, God’s Son, and God the Father is complete, eternal, total and binding. To see the one, as Jesus himself said, is to see the other. There are likenesses in human life. Two people who are utterly devoted to each other are completely open to those around them in the sense they welcome them into their homes, into their lives as if they are one person. They enjoy the company of others, just as the others completely enjoy being with them. There is something life-giving being with them. You feel strengthened having been with them. There is joy anticipating being with them. They reflect the love of God. It was to defend that love that Jesus died. To have denied it before the high priest, for example, would have meant denying the love he had for God, his Father. That was not possible. That meant he had to die. And that same love brought him back from death! That is how strong it was! It makes today’s second reading understandable. That new Jerusalem is the dwelling of God’s love into which each one of us is invited, to live with the source of love forever! And it explains the determination of Paul and Barnabas to continue in the face of hostility, rejection and denial; to give up would be to deny the love they feel towards God and the Lord. 

And so to us today. How does each one of us reflect God’s love for us in our lives, our relationships and our outlook to others? Jesus was open to everyone, save perhaps to the money traders in the Temple, where he saw contempt for the One he loved – and he was prepared to do something about it. How far is each one of us prepared to go to uphold our most cherished convictions in the face of criticisms or challenges to our faith? Is the love of God central to our love of others – or the other –  in our life? If God is being hurt in the course of a normal day at work, at home or wherever, how do we react in defense of the one we love? Silence is clearly not an option… And there is the rub. Jesus was prepared to die in defense of such. How far is each one of us prepared to stand up for our deepest belief? 

The Sacred Heart of Jesus 1955, Rocathour.

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